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1) Why might you find that your DNA isolation might have multiple “perfect” matches (1.000) for more than one species? Given that 16S genes are used almost universally to discrimanate between species, How can you explain this result? 2) Why might you obtain a sequence trace that shows very strong […]

1. How can/do YOU reduce the amount of waste and pollution that you create?  In other words, describe 3 things that you can do/already do to reduce, reuse and recycle more. 2. The City of Phoenix recently started a program called “Save as You Reduce and Recycle”, in which families are […]

Q. Signalling molecules can regulate transcription and as a result control cell differentiation during development. One signaling molecule, sonic hedgehog (shh), has been shown to regulate the dorsoventral patterning of the neural tube. a) In what tissue is shh produced and what is the evidence that this tissue regulates the […]

1) Explain the different steps of hemostasis, the formation of blood clots and the different mechanisms of clotting. 2) Describe the main functions of blood and its composition. 3) Describe the composition of plasma, and the function of the different components. 4) Explain the two different groupings of white blood […]