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QUESTION 1: Cell fractions and buffers (a) What factors determines the forces that a particle experience during centrifugation? (b) Name the techniques usually employed to obtain cell free extracts/”brake cells open”. (c) Indicate how mitochondria can be isolated by differential centrifugation. (d) Why is it important to know the pKa […]

Question 1 1. Choose the optimal enzyme concentration(s) observed.1. 50 uls2. 100 uls3. 200 uls Question 2 5. Based on the data at pH 2, what can you surmise happened to the active site?1. It stayed the same shape2. Its shape changed such that the substrate no longer fit inside3. […]

1. How can/do YOU reduce the amount of waste and pollution that you create?  In other words, describe 3 things that you can do/already do to reduce, reuse and recycle more. 2. The City of Phoenix recently started a program called “Save as You Reduce and Recycle”, in which families are […]

Q. Signalling molecules can regulate transcription and as a result control cell differentiation during development. One signaling molecule, sonic hedgehog (shh), has been shown to regulate the dorsoventral patterning of the neural tube. a) In what tissue is shh produced and what is the evidence that this tissue regulates the […]