Give brief explanations: 1. Briefly explain the reason why ions such as Na+, K+, and Ca2+ diffuse across plasma membranes more rapidly than would be expected across a lipid membrane. Why glucose does not cross the cell membrane through open channels? 2. Why do steroid hormones not require signal transduction […]

1. Fourteen year old Donna has just decided that eating meat is “gross” and that she will be a vegetarian. What difficulties are there with such a diet; that is, what nutrients may be lacking? How may they be obtained? 2. Studies with animals have shown that caloric restriction may […]

Q1. Nucleolides can be radiolabeled before they are and can therefore be assayed to track their incorporation. In a set of experiments, the student-faculty research team used labelled T nucleotides and introduced these into culture of divined human cells at specific times. The research team used the setup to study […]

1. What physiological factors influence capillary blood flow? 2. When person is standing quietly, the pressure in the capillaries of the feet can reach as high as 100 mm Hg. Why do the thin-walled capillaries not rupture when exposed to such a high pressure? 3. If mean capillary hydrostatic pressure […]