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Consider a simple model cell that consists of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane. The cell’s initial volume is 3 nL and contains 0.3 M protein and 0.2M Ca++. The cell is placed into a 500mL tank of 0.1 M calcium chloride. Neither Ca++ nor Cl- can cross the membrane. […]

In addition to protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, protein degradation also plays key role in regulating signal transduction pathways and cell proliferation. Please answer the following questions: (1). Please give one example to describe how protein degradation regulates signal transduction pathway; (2) Please give another example to describe how protein degradation […]

Q1. What time one is cold or the external temperature is low, most venous blood returning from the distal part of the arm travels in the deep veins where it picks up heat (by concurrent exchange) from the nearby brachial artery en route. Though, when one is hot, and especially […]

Question: Doubling the characteristic dimension of a cell means that a given molecule, when introduced inside the cell, will take ___ times longer to be found at any other llocation within the cell’s volume.Question: Approximatley how often do a pair of molecules, wach 9mm in diameter, each with a diffusion coefficient of […]