Consider a simple model cell that consists of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane. The cell’s initial volume is 3 nL and contains 0.3 M protein and 0.2M Ca++. The cell is placed into a 500mL tank of 0.1 M calcium chloride. Neither Ca++ nor Cl- can cross the membrane. […]

Assignment: Scientists, Disciplines, and Discoveries Details: Photosynthetic protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that range from unicellular algae to large multicellular seaweeds. They form the base of the food chain in aquatic ecosystems and produce much of the atmospheric oxygen. They do not cause diseases but they can […]

1. Harry Smith, 70 years of age, is a male patient who is admitted to the medical-surgical unit with acute community-acquired pneumonia. He was diagnosed with paraseptal emphysema 3 years ago. The patient smoked cigarettes one pack per day for 55 years and quit 3 years ago. The patient has […]

Two genome-wide association studies sought genes that contribute to intelligence. The first considered 1000 Mexican-American participants in the San Antonio Family Heart study, and found evidence pointing to genes on chromosomes 3,6 and 18. The second study looked at 1,094 children with attention deficit hyperctivity disorder and their siblings, and […]