Question 1: Explain the difference between tolerance and dependence. What symptoms occur during withdrawal syndrome? Question 2: Briefly present the significance of cross-dependence and cross-tolerance. Why drug dependence and abuse are medical problems that require long-term treatment. Question 3: Compare the mechanism of action of illicit drugs. Which ones are […]

The depth of the hemocytometer sample box is 0.1mm for all questions. Show all calculations. 1. You count 74 cfu on a pour plate. The plate was prepared by spreading 0.2 ml of a 1:10,000 dilution of the original sample. What is the density of the original culture (in cells/ml)? […]

A male volunteer named Conan was passively sensitized with IgE specific for Der f 1 (a potent house dust mite antigen/allergen). After an intradermal challenge with Der f 1, Conan displayed a typical skin lesion due to an immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Assess as either factually correct (= “true”) or incorrect […]

1. A study by Morgan and coworkers used genetically modified white blood cells to treat patients with melanoma who had not responded to standard treatments. In patients in whom the cells were cultured ex vivo for an extended period of time (cohort 1), the cell doubling times were {8.7, 11.9, […]