You are a neurologist and perform a patellar reflex on each side of the body in one of your patients. You notice that the left side reflex doesn’t work. The patient can feel a gentle sweeping motion on the thigh in both legs, cannot voluntarily kick the left leg, and […]

“DNA and RNA, Genes, Mutations, and Gene Therapies” Note: Online students, please respond to one of the following four bulleted items. • Examine three differences between DNA and RNA then explain two main reasons why DNA is the most favorable molecule for genetic material. Next suggest how RNA compares to […]

1. What major movements of ions account for each phase of the action potential of a typical myocardial cell? 2. Why is the cardiac action potential propagated more slowly in an AV node cell then in an atrial or ventricular myocyte? 3. By what pathway does a cardiac impulse that […]

Sexual reproduction occurs in the bread mould (Neurospora crassa) when two haploid strains of different mating types come into contact with each other. The haploid cells fuse to form a diploid cell, which then undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores. The spores are dispersed and grow into new fungal colonies […]