Mitochondrial ATP synthase comprises of several proteins, and some of these proteins are encoded by the genes in nucleus. One of these proteins is called S. A mutation in S gene deletes 21 base pairs which are immediately 3′ to the start codon. The mutant S gene is transcribed and […]

Q1. In birds, sex is determined by the ZW chromosome scheme. Males are ZZ and females are ZW. A recessive lethal allele that causes death of the embryo is sometimes present on the Z chromosome in pigeons. What will be the sex ratio in the offspring of a cross between […]

1)      Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar contains the dyes eosin and methylene blue, which inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and therefore select for gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria take up the EMB dye, giving large colonies a dark blue appearance and smaller colonies a green , shiny appearance. 2)      ??? […]

NADH and FADH2 are both electron carriers that donate their electrons to the electron transport chain. The electrons ultimately reduce O2 to water in the final step of electron transport. However, the amount of ATP made by electrons from an NADH molecule is greater than the amount made by electrons […]