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1. a) How are second messengers generated from phosphatidylinositol (Pl)? b) What are the main function(s) of the second messengers derived from Pl? 9. a) In the context of tumourigenesis, what is a gain-of-funtion mutation? b) List two effects that gain-of-function mutations may have on encoded protein. c) Briefly explain […]

Q1. A father who is the hemophiliac marries a woman who does not carry disease. While pregnant with their first child, an ultrasound reveals it will be a boy and the tech tells them that they are very lucky, since now they know their child will not be a hemophiliac! […]

Waxy endosperm (wx), shrunken endosperm (sh), and yellow seedling (v) are encoded by three recessive genes in corn that are linked on chromosome 5.A corn plant homozygous for all three recessive alleles is crossed with a plant homozygous for all the dominant alleles.The resulting F1 are then crossed with a […]

In a cohort study that found an association between alcohol consumption and bladder cancer, 20,000 middle-aged men were asked about their drinking habits and then tracked for five years to watch for the development of cancer. Researchers asked the men about their diet and exercise habits, but not about smoking. […]