Sanger-based sequencing requires very specific DNA and primer concentrations for optimal performance. For template DNA like plasmids, DNA needs to be at a concentration of 50ng/ul in 10 ul. On top of that, a typical Sanger reaction requires 10 ul of primer at a concentration of 1 pMol/ul (note this […]

Starting with a hydrophilic signaling molecule, describe the process that takes place with a G-coupled protein signaling pathway.  Assume that cAMP is your main secondary messenger.    Be sure to include in your answer: 1) a description of the receptor 2) a description of the structure of the G-protein (inactive and active […]

The Effect of low pH on Enzyme Activity Design an experiment in which you will test the effect of an acidic fluid on enzymatic activity. (Recall: enzymes are proteins.) To complete this project, it may be useful for you to review the Scientific Method Tutorial (found the Course Content section […]

Q1. Recall that the complex oxidation of a mole of glucose releases 686 kcal of energy. The phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP stores approximately 7.3 kcal per mole o ATP. What is the approximate efficiency of cellular respiration for a “mutant” organism that produces only 29 mole of ATP […]