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Q1. If the ATP synthase molecules were at random oriented so that about half of the molecules faced the outside of the vesicle and half of the molecules faced the inside, could you expect ATP to be synthesized? If the bacteriorhodopsin molecules were randomly oriented, would you expect ATP to […]

A male fruit fly with red eyes and long wings is mated to a female with brown eyes and short wings.The F1 offspring consist of red-eyed, long-winged females and red-eyed, short-winged males.The F1 are intercrossed to produce an F2. Both sexes of the F2 show the following phenotypes in the […]

– What special advantage does the capsule confer on the pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae? – Why are those who have been vaccinated against Streptococcus pneumoniae more resistant to infection by this agent? Each year we see flu shots advertised just about everywhere. Many are required to get them due to their […]

Q1. What is the biodiversity? What are some of the most biodiverse ecosystems on the globe and how are humans impacting it? Is maintaining biodiversity essential for human sustainability? What can be done to keep today are current biodiversity levels? What are invasive species and how do they impact biodiversity? […]