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Imagine a beaker with solutions separated by a plasma membrane (like what is shown in the figure, step 3). Predict what will happen after addition of a new solute to the solution on the left side if the new solute (1) crosses the membrane readily or (2) is incapable of […]

Q. 1. Modern theory suggests that an early (pre-life) atmosphere on Earth was a reducing one. Why (for what reasons) is it believed that oxygen was not present while life formed on Earth? 2. What proposed energy sources existed on this early (pre-life) Earth? 3. In 1950s, Stanley Miller performed […]

1. What is the difference between genotype and phenotype? 2. What is the difference between haploid and diploids? 3. What is the difference between a null mutation and a conditional mutation? 4. What are the two types of conditional mutations? 5. What is the difference between a genetic selection and […]

1. A bacterial cell uptakes and incorporates exogenous DNA; this results in development of new features within this cell. Name the process. 2. You stain bacterial cells with crystal violet and then counterstain with safranin or carbol fuchsin. This allows you to find the groupsyour bacteria belong to. Name these groups. 3. This […]