A family of four, two adults and two children was transported to the ER. They were involved in a motor vehicle accident secondary to bed weather. Upon arrival, you recognized the patients from your church. They are Jehovah’s Witnesses. Initial assessment revaled significant internal bleeding requiring transfusion. 1. Who do […]

What is the difference between primary and secondary growth? Use a diagram to explain secondary growth (formation of annular rings) in the stem of a woody plant. Explain why the meristematic tissue remains on the outer portion of the stem. Relate this to appearance of annual rings and the impact […]

For many experiments, it is desirable to have a population of cells that are traversing the cell cycle synchronously. One of the first, and still often used, methods for synchronizing cells is the so-called doubled thymidine block. When high concentrations of thymidine are added to the culture fluid, cells in […]

Mitochondria carrying out oxidative phosphorylation consume oxygen. a) What happens to oxygen in mitochondria? b) Describe the effect of an uncoupling agent such as 2,4-dinitrophenol on the rate of oxygen consumption. Assume there is a sufficient supply of oxidizable substrate, ADP, and Pi. c) It was observed that if a […]