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Biotechnology allows the use of living organisms or their processes for human needs or purposes. Currently, this topic includes such general examples as cloning, stem cells (adult, umbilical cord, and embryonic), DNA fingerprinting, biological warfare, bioremediation, genetically modified organisms, vaccines, and transgenic plants and animals to name a few. In […]

In fruit flies, the yellow-bodied (y), echinus (ec) and white-eyed (w) mutations are all recessive to their corresponding normal alleles. A homozygous recessive yellow-bodied, echinus, white-eyed female (y ec w / y ec w, the gene order is arbitrary) was mated to a normal male, and the resulting F1 females […]

We have three plasmids: the cloning vector, pGEM, the one that result if BamHI had been used to construct the genomic library, and the one that would result if EcoRI had been used to construct the library. What is the expected number of DNA fragments that would result from digesting… […]

Suppose you poured iodine on your plate and notesed clearing in the uninoculated area, as well as around both of your transferred cultures. What are some possible explanations for this occurrence? Was integrity of the exercise compromised? What kind of things might be done to avoid this problem in future […]