Chelsea, age 14, recently had a colectomy. Her colon was lined with thousands of polyps. Pathology reported that these polyps were adenomas and a diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was made. Her 35-year-old mother and 38-year-old father are reported to be healthy. In fact, her father boasts that he […]

Q. In an experiment you are studying a neuron that receives synaptic inputs from two other neurons: one from neuron A and one from neuron B. Synaptic transmission from neuron A opens Ca2+ channels in the postsynaptic neuron, whereas neuron B opens Cl- channels. Imagine that ECa = +200 mV, […]

Q1. If some cell-surface receptors, including cytokine receptors and notch, can rapidly signal to the nucleus by activating latent transcription regulators at the plasma membrane, why do most cell-surface receptors use long, indirect signalling cascades to influence gene transcription in the nucleus? Q2. Cellular Respiration: Draw out an inner membrane […]

How would genetic variation be affected if during meiosis I maternal chromosomes always lined up together on one side of the metaphase plate and paternal chromosomes always lined up on the other side (ignoring the effects of crossing over)? a. Gametes would contain either maternal chromosomes only or paternal chromosomes […]