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Suppose if ICF (K+) ion concentration is 165 mM, what ECF (K+) concentration is required for the condition of no net passive flux of K+ across the membrane at Vm = – 66 mV? 12. The concentration of carbon at 1 mm into the surface of the titanium slab is 0.25 […]

During an action potential, activation of voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels occurs at different rates. What is the effect of this difference on ion flow across an axon membrane? At first there is no change in ion movement, then sodium ions flow out of the cell followed by potassium ions […]

1. Hypothesize why some substances were not metabolized, while others were. Research the chemical formula of Equal and Splenda and explain how it would affect respiration. 2. If you have evidence of respiration, identify the gas that was produced. Suggest two methods for poistively identifying this gas. 3. How do […]

A population of 100 crickets contains 65 individuals that can produce long, extended noises. The ability to produce such sounds is governed by a single gene with only two alleles; one is completely dominant to the other. Thirty of these 65 crickets are heterozygous. Use this information to answer the […]