In Drosophila, vestigial (partially formed) wings (vg) are recessive to normal long wings (vg+) and the gene for this trait is autosomal. The gene for the white-eye trait is on the X chromosome. Suppose a homozygous white-eyed, long-winged female fly is crossed with a homozygous red-eyed, vestigial winged male.

a. What will be the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1 flies?
b. what will be the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2 flies?
c. what will be the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring of a cross of the F1 flies back to each parent?