Survey of life science BIO

1. is the study of life.

2. Jane Goodall is famous for her research on chimpanzees. Dr. Goodall observed the chimpan- zees for long periods of time and made numerous observations of them that she recorded very carefully. Which stage of scientific inquiry is this considered?

A) Exploration

B) Testing

C) Making a hypothesis

D) Drawing a conclusion

3. Use the following figure to answer this question. Assume your results reject your initial hypothesis as indicated. Briefly explain why you would not return to the exploration portion of the process to change the question instead of revising the hypothesis.

Hypothesis

The remote’s batteries are dead.

TESTING • Forming hypotheses • Making predictions • Running experiments • Gathering data • Interpreting data • Drawing conclusions

Prediction

If I replace the batteries, the

remote will work.

Experiment

I replace the batteries with

new ones.

Experiment does not support

hypothesis; revise hypothesis or

pose new one.

Experiment supports hypothesis;

make additional predictions

and test them.

Revise

EXPLORATION

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4. Match the following terms with the best definition: data, science, hypothesis, experiments, and peer review

Scientific tests where conditions can be controlled:

A tentative explanation for a set of observations:

A thorough review of scientific results prior to publication:

Inquiry into how the natural world functions:

Recorded observations:

5. The following figure indicates that the testing and communication components of science connect to each other. Briefly explain how these two components interact to strengthen each other. Hint—think back to peer review

6. An often misunderstood concept is the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis. Briefly explain what you would tell a student who believes a scientific theory and a hypothesis are the same.

EXPLORATION • Making observations • sking uestions • eeking information

TESTING • Forming hypotheses • Making predictions • Running experiments • Gathering data • Interpreting data • Drawing conclusions

COMMUNICATION • haring data • btaining feedback • ublishing papers • Replicating findings • uilding consensus

OUTCOMES • uilding knowledge • olving problems • Developing new technologies • enefiting society

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7. Use the following table to compare a control group to an experimental group.

Control group Experimental group Description

8. On page 8 of your textbook the authors describe an experiment in which the amount of butter is changed between two cookie recipes. Imagine a scenario in which a person also changes the type of flour used (whole wheat flour versus regular bleached flour). Is this still an effective controlled experiment? Briefly explain your answer either way.

9. Use the following figure to answer this question. By day 8 how far have the baby turtles traveled?

10. How many factors does a scientist want to differ between the experimental and control groups?

A) 2

B) 0

C) 1

D) 3

250

200

150

100

50

0

Days after release

D is

ta nc

e tr

av el

ed (k

m )

0 14128 10642

Key

Average of 24 green sea turtles verage of oating buckets

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11. You are a research scientist for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) interested in perform- ing a controlled experiment to determine the effects of caffeine on human blood pressure. One group of people will get caffeinated coffee and one will get decaffeinated coffee. Briefly explain why you would want that to be the only variable that differs between the two groups.

12. A is a fake treatment given to patients in the control group.

13. A friend tells you her grandfather’s pancakes are superior to all other pancakes because he puts only hand-churned butter from llamas into the batter. This is an example of what kind of evidence?

Chapter Content: The Properties of Life

Complete the following questions as you read the first chapter content—The Properties of Life:

1. A giant sequoia tree is very different from a human. List two properties these two organisms would exhibit despite all of their obvious differences.

2. A smart phone is not alive. List three characteristics of life that the phone does not exhibit.

3. List the properties of life.

Chapter Content: Major Themes in Biology

Complete the following questions as you read the first chapter content—Major Themes in Biology:

1. The branched structure of human lungs significantly increases the surface area for gas exchange. This greatly increases the efficiency of gas exchange within the lungs. Which of the following unifying themes of biology does this example illustrate?

A) Evolution

B) Relationship to structure and function

C) Interaction within biological systems

D) Information flow

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2. Human growth hormone (HGH) is necessary for growth during human adolescence. Pituitary dwarfism is a condition that results from the inability of a person to produce HGH. Luckily, the human gene for HGH can be inserted into E. coli bacteria, which are able to make our HGH. The resulting HGH is used by people who are unable to make their own. What prop- erty about hereditary information makes this possible?

3. Energy and chemicals move through ecosystems in different ways. Energy flows an ecosystem, while nutrients are constantly through the ecosystem.

4. What level of biological organization is represented by Figure 1.14 on page 12 of your textbook?