A. Drugs that inhibit microtubule assembly are administered for some medical conditions. What will occur to the cell as a result? For what type of conditions would such a drug be given?

B. Colchicine is a chemical used to treat dividing plant cells to ensure that chromosomes of cells undergoing mitosis will be visible. How does colchicine achieve this effect? What is the natural source of colchicines.

C. Many conditions genetically predispose individuals to develop cancer, but these individuals contain no unusual chromosome(s). Does the lack of a visible chromosome defect make it unlikely that cancers in these individuals are caused by changes in the DNA? Explain your answer

D. How are binary fission and mitosis different? How are they similar?

E. Why do some cells of the human body (for example epithelial cells) continue to divide, yet other cells (e.g., neurons) lose their ability to replicate once they are mature? Describe some of the latest research efforts to induce cell division in nerve cells.

F. About 40 years ago, some researchers reported that they could transfer learning from one animal (Planaria, a type of flatworm) to another by feeding trained animals to untrained animals. Further, they claimed that RNA was the active molecule of learning. Given your knowledge of the roles of RNA and protein in cells, do you think that a specific memory (for example, remembering the base sequences of codons of the genetic code) could be encoded by a specific molecule of RNA and that this RNA could transfer that memory to another person? In other words, someday, could you learn biology by popping an RNA pill? If you could, how would the pill work? If you think the RNA pill wouldn’t work, can you propose a reasonable hypothesis for the Planaria results? How would you test your hypothesis?