Quiz questions to answer Multiple Choice
Question 1 
  
Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that you experience ______ when your beliefs are ______.
Answer 

    fear; uncertain

    pleasure; inconsistent

    discomfort; inconsistent

    arousal; consistent
4 points  
Question 2 
  
Jason just purchased a rather expensive cell phone on eBay. He had debated for weeks about the merits of two really excellent phones before making his final decision. According to dissonance theory, it’s now likely that Jason will:
Answer 

    Continue to check eBay to monitor sales for the phone he decided not to buy.

    Emphasize all of the positive aspects of the chosen phone

    Emphasize all of the negative aspects of the chosen phone

    Return the chosen phone and buy the other phone
4 points  
Question 3 
  
Though she is opposed to a tuition increase, Allison is asked to give a speech in favor of it to round out a class debate. Dissonance theory predicts that her attitude toward a tuition increase will undergo the most change if she:
Answer 

    Makes a speech implying that raising tuition is really wrong

    Agrees to give the speech but only if she tells both sides

    Agrees to give the speech without external pressures

    Agrees to give the speech for a large reward
4 points  
Question 4 
  
In the study by Stone et al. (1994) on hypocrisy and AIDS prevention, participants in the hypocrisy condition bought more condoms after the experiment because they experienced cognitive dissonance. According to the paper, what caused their dissonance?
Answer 

    Participants’ realization that they were not at risk for AIDS.

    Participants’ speeches were inconsistent with their attitudes toward AIDS.

    Participants’ speeches were inconsistent with their past sexual behavior.

    The audience was well informed about AIDS and how to prevent it.
4 points  
Question 5 
  
When she first joined the Army, Stephanie was pretty sure she would not like it. At the end of the grueling basic training program, she was stationed at her least favorite post as a cook. Nevertheless, she now absolutely loves Army life and is totally committed to it being a soldier. Stephanie’s attitude toward the army is most likely the result of:
Answer 

    Brainwashing

    Effort justification

    Foot-in-the-door

    Self-affirmation
4 points  
Question 6 

…….

.

  
According to the textbook, which statement below best summarizes the cross-cultural impact of cognitive dissonance processes?
Answer 

    Cognitive dissonance is not a universal process; it does not influence people in all cultures.

    Cognitive dissonance is a universal process; it influences people in all cultures the same way.

    Cognitive dissonance is both universal and culture dependent; it influences people in all cultures, but culture determines the conditions under which dissonance processes occur.

    None of the above accurately describes the cross-cultural impact of cognitive dissonance processes.
3 points  
Question 7 
  
According to research, people experience low levels of dissonance following inconsistent behavior when they:
Answer 

    Are high in preference for consistency

    Are sensitizers

    Are low in preference for consistency

    Do not perceive responsibility for their behavior
3 points  
Question 8 
  
Self-affirmation theory proposes that when people feel cognitive dissonance stemming from counter-attitudinal behavior, they will not need to change their attitude if:
Answer 

    They can misattribute their arousal to an external source.

    They can think about unrelated positive aspects of themselves

    They do not feel any physiological arousal following the behavior

    They can deny responsibility for their actions
3 points  
Question 9 
  
Elena and Brett are asked to video-record a statement about the dangers of nuclear energy that will be shown to impressionable high school students. Elena gives her speech first, and as a result, changes her attitude toward the dangers of nuclear energy. Brett then gives the same speech, but when he learns that the video camera failed to record it, he does not change his attitude about the dangers of nuclear energy. The difference between Elena and Brett best supports which interpretation of dissonance processes?
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