Psychology Questions

1. A counseling theory:

a. helps therapists organize information about their clients.

b. may lead a therapist to view a client from a biased perspective. c. contributes to the gap between theory and practice.

d. both a and b are true.

2. Counseling theories provide therapists with:

a. fancy ways to talk to their clients about their presenting problems. b. a method to identify with their clients.

c. a professional schemata.

d. alternative to relying on self-disclosure during therapy sessions.

3. A good counseling theory is:

a. precise.

b. has empirical support. c. fits the client well.

d. a and b

4. The most important point of Project MATCH was to:

a. conduct a bigger, better, psychotherapy outcome study.

b. discover the unique ingredients of the Alcoholics Anonymous approach.

c. look at the effectiveness of three approaches to therapy with many kinds of clients. d. assess the effects of client characteristics in psychotherapy outcome.

5. The Consumer Reports study was controversial because:

a. it used retrospective reports of clients. b. it was not an experimental study.

c. the therapists in the study were atheoretical. d. a and b

6. The Scientist-Practitioner Model means that:

a. all counselors should be scientists.

b. all counseling should be conducted in a laboratory.

c. most of the standard counseling theories should be abandoned. d. none of the above

7. The role of the analyst is BEST characterized as that of:

a. a sage.

b. a teacher.

c. a fellow traveler. d. a doctor.

8. Susan, the analyst, looks forward to her 10:00 client on Fridays. She spends a lot of time reading about issues relevant to this client’s presentation. Susan is probably experiencing:

a. countertransference. b. transference.

c. sublimation. d. burnout.

9. Traditional psychoanalysis is:

a. well supported by research.

b. popular with insurance companies. c. not supported by research.

d. never practiced anymore.

10. The primary purpose of the training analysis is:

a. to prevent countertransference.

b. to make sure that the therapist knows her theory.

c. to examine parallel processes between client and counselor. d. to ensure the continuation of psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

11. Susan is an analyst who is working with her client Chloe and asks Chloe to “free associate” and tell Susan everything that comes into her mind. Chloe does not disclose everything that she is thinking because she does not feel that it is relevant to the session. Chloe has:

a. violated the Fundamental Rule of Psychoanalysis. b. assumed the role of the analyst.

c. taken the “back seat”.

d. completed her formal assessment.

12. Which of the following is true regarding the Id and the Ego?

a. The goal of the id is to seek pleasure and avoid pain, and the goal of the Ego is to satisfy the Id and keep the individual safe.

b. Topographically, the Id represents unconsciousness and the Ego represents consciousness. c. The Id neutralizes pressure that the individual experiences from the environment and the

Ego provides a moral guide for the individual.

d. The Id operates according to secondary process and the Ego operates according to primary process.

13. Women experience a more difficult development path, according to Freud, because they:

a. are inherently inferior to men. b. have male relatives.

c. do not develop egos.

d. don’t experience a fear of castration.

14. The end result of SP therapy is:

a. to rebuild the self rather than insight or expansion of the ego’s capacities. b. to repress all unpleasant childhood memories.

c. to be more in touch with the sexual and aggressive aspects of one’s personality. d. to have more friends.

15. The core of therapy in the SP model is:

a. transference.

b. enlightenment. c. empathy.

d. disengagement.

16. Which of the following theories uses formal assessment methods?

a. Self Psychology (SP) b. Ego Psychology (EP) c. Object relations (OR) d. None of the above

17. RP practitioners prefer to meet with the clients more than once a week:

a. because they want to earn extra money.

b. to encourage the development of the countertransference. c. to encourage development of the transference relationship. d. none of the above

18. The goal(s) of RP is/are:

a. to give the client new ways of interacting with others. b. to help them get in touch with their inner self.

c. to help clients change relationship patterns that are problematic. d. a and c

19. Neoanalytics were about the only theorists to write extensively about:

a. personality disorders. b. sexual urges.

c. family dysfunction. d. aggression.

20. Laurie doesn’t do her homework. According to Adler, her parents should:

a. force her to do it. b. do it for her.

c. talk to her teacher.

d. allow natural consequences.

21. Which of the following is true about outcome research on Individual Psychology counseling?

a. It can be questioned methodologically. b. It is uniformly supportive of IP theory.

c. It is not supportive of IP theory. d. It is published in many journals.

22. Which of the following best describes Alfred Adler’s view of human nature?

a. Humans develop the desire to achieve perfection based on feedback that they receive from their adult caregivers.

b. Humans are more likely to adapt to their environment when they develop apart from others. c. Humans create their own life paths.

d. Humans are born with a sense of superiority.

23. Jennie tells her Adlerian counselor that she would love be a party girl but she is just too shy.

Andy, the Adlerian, instructs Jennie to spend the next two weeks pretending that she is outgoing and sociable. Andy is using the Individual Psychology technique know as:

a. creating images.

b. pushing the button. c. acting as it.

d. interpretation.

24. Alfred Adler believes that psychological dysfunction results from:

a. lifestyles that enhance the self and are not socially oriented.

b. satisfying the needs of society rather than focusing on the needs of self. c. a fundamental lack of connection between mind and body.

d. failing to use the organismic valuing system to evaluate self worth.

25. Dwight is a well-trained Adlerian therapist. Richard has begun treatment with Dwight to relieve his feelings of anxiety that he experiences when giving presentations at work. During last week’s session, Dwight instructed Richard to visualize being at the ocean, a scene that brings pleasant feelings to Richard. Dwight then instructed Richard to visualize

giving a presentation and focus on his feelings of anxiety. When Dwight reported to Richard that he felt substantially anxious, Richard instructed Dwight to again visualize being at the ocean and focus on the calm feelings that he experienced.

The purpose of the intervention that Richard used was to:

a. allow Dwight to gain awareness of his unconscious aggression toward is co-workers. b. allow Dwight to consider the ridiculous nature of his reaction to giving presentations. c. teach Dwight that he has control over the feelings that he experiences.

d. experience life from another person’s perspective.

Written Assignment for Unit One

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Include your name, student number, course number, course title and unit number on each page of your written assignment (this is for your protection in case your materials become separated).

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Begin each written assignment by identifying the question number you are answering followed by the actual question itself (in bold type).

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Use a standard essay format for responses to all questions (i.e. an introduction, middle paragraphs and conclusion).

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Responses must be submitted as a MS Word Document only, typed double-spaced, using a standard font (i.e. Times New Roman) and 12 point type size.

Word count is NOT one of the criteria that is used in assigning points to written assignments. However, students who are successful in earning the maximum number of points tend to submit written assignments that fall in the following ranges:

Undergraduate courses: 350 – 500 words or 1 – 2 pages. Graduate courses: 500 – 750 words or 2 – 3 pages. Doctoral courses: 750 – 1000 words or 4 – 5 pages.

Plagiarism

All work must be free of any form of plagiarism. Put written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook. Be sure to refer to the course Syllabus for more details on plagiarism and proper citation styles.

Please answer ONE of the following:

1. Describe the stages of psychoanalysis.

2. Describe how Self Psychology is different from the other three types of neoanalytical theories.

3. Discuss Adler’s ideas about birth order.

PSY 525 Counseling Systems and Techniques

Unit 2 Examination

Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

1. Tim comes to the counselor because he is afraid of life. He does not trust others and therefore has difficulty establishing satisfying relationships. His Person Centered therapist, Carl, would hope that, as a result of counseling, Tim could:

a. learn assertiveness skills.

b. be more in touch with his experience. c. use fewer defense mechanisms.

d. confront his parents about conditions of worth they instilled.

2. Patty, the Person Centered counselor, tells her client Jose that she is feeling uncomfortable with the way he interacts with her. She is demonstrating:

a. congruence.

b. misjudgment.

c. countertransference. d. anxiety.

3. Person Centered therapy has been criticized because:

a. it is too positive about human beings. b. the techniques are difficult to learn.

c. it is individualistic. d. a and c

4. The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapy, according to Person Centered theorists, include all EXCEPT:

a. the client and counselor are equals.

b. counselor is the expert, guiding the client on a journey to healing. c. the counselor strives to understand the client’s experience.

d. all of the above are necessary and sufficient conditions.

5. Achieving good health is a process, not a:

a. destination.

b. impossible outcome. c. fluke.

d. dream.

6. In a Person Centered model, growth of the individual depends upon:

a. creating conditions of worth.

b. accurate perceptions of others.

c. accurate perceptions of experience. d. eliminating destructive tendencies.

7. Little Stella has a friend, Shelly, who tends to punch on Stella when they play together.

Lately, Stella has been crying when she sees Shelly and tries to crawl away from her. Stella is demonstrating the operation of the:

a. self-actualization tendency. b. core conditions.

c. conditions of worth.

d. organismic valuing process.

8. If you were an ET theorist and your client was “being in the physical world”, what is the correct term for that state of being?

a. Umwelt b. Mitwelt

c. Eigenwelt d. Bigwelt

9. If you were an ET theorist and your client was “in the inner psychological world”, what is the correct term for that state of being?

a. Umwelt b. Mitwelt

c. Eigenwelt d. Bigwelt

10. In Existential theory, the ultimate concern is:

a. bankruptcy.

b. being unloved. c. death.

d. a and c

11. This type of anxiety is destructive, paralyzing and tends to be repressed:

a. Normal

b. Existential c. Neurotic

d. Psychotic

12. When a client is experiencing guilt about possibilities unfulfilled, this is called:

a. Catholic guilt.

b. existential guilt. c. Umwelt guilt.

d. normal guilt.

13. An ET counselor is more interested in the client’s experience than his/her .

a. present; past

b. present; future c. past; present

d. future; present

14. A major characteristic of the therapeutic atmosphere of Gestalt therapy is to:

a. focus solely on events of the past and disregard the experience of the here and now.

b. focus solely on the experience of the here and now and disregard what has happened in the past.

c. examine what has happened in the past as it is experienced in the here and now of therapy. d. prevent the client from gaining awareness of how past events influence how he or she

interacts in the here and now.