Question: Tina put a culture of Escherichia cells in a medium containing glucose and nitrate (NO3-) on a shaker and turned on the shaker for aeration. The next day she had a nice dense culture of cells. When she repeated this procedure, she forgot to put the culture on the shaker. The next day, she found that her cells had grown much more slowly than before. Explain why her cells grew more slowly the second time.When Tina grew her cells again, she forgot add the nitrate and forgot to put the culture on the shaker. This time she found that her cells grew particularly slowly. Explain why her cells grew so slowly on this final try.

Question: Describe the differences between phototrophy involving bacteriorhodopsin and phototrophy involving bacteriochlorophyll