MCQ”s Psychology of Adjustments

Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

Which is a way some people cope with the ambiguity of human freedom? 1.

driftinga. shared decision makingb. appealing to some type of authorityc. All of the above. d.

Change or development in a desirable direction is called: 2.

personal growtha. personal freedomb. self-directionc. individualism d.

Altruism means: 3.

helping someone else at a cost to yourselfa. possessing a sense of personal freedomb. having a sense of control over others’ livesc. fearing making decisions d.

According to Maslow, which disorder does not result from the failure to grow? 4.

stunted persona. amoral personb. apathetic personc. adjusted person d.

Researchers have found high stability across a lifespan for which personality trait? 5.

introversion-extroversiona. perfectionismb. authoritarianismc. self-esteem d.

The highest degree of stability of personality has been found in the domain of: 6.

introversion-extroversiona. perfectionismb. authoritarianismc. self-esteem d.

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Final Examination

GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment

All of the following traits remain rather stable over a lifetime EXCEPT: 7.

neuroticisma. expressivenessb. self-esteemc. introversion d.

The experience of personal growth usually begins with: 8.

reorganizing our experiencea. acknowledging changeb. feeling anxiety and discomfortc. changing our attitudes d.

According to Erikson, the second stage of psychosocial development poses the developmental 9. task of:

autonomy vs. shamea. trust vs. mistrustb. industry vs. inferiorityc. initiative vs. guilt d.

From 3 to 6 years of age, children are faced with the crisis of: 10.

autonomy vs. shamea. trust vs. mistrustb. identity vs. role confusionc. initiative vs. guilt d.

According to Erikson, individuals face the identity vs. role confusion stage at what age? 11.

3-6a. 6-11b. 12-18c. 20-40 d.

According to Erikson, in young adulthood, the inability to establish rewarding relationships 12. with friends result in a sense of:

inferioritya. stagnationb. despairc. isolation d.

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Final Examination

GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment

What is Erikson’s final stage of psychosocial development? 13.

integrity vs. despaira. generativity vs. stagnationb. industry vs. inferiorityc. initiative vs. guilt d.

_________ is the addition of something that increases the likelihood of a behavior occuring 14. again.

Temperamenta. Attachmentb. Social learningc. Reinforcement d.

The process by which we learn by observing is called: 15.

punishmenta. reinforcementb. learning theoryc. observational learning d.

Carol likes Dr. Reed, the supervisor of her practice teaching. In fact, Carol often finds herself 16. adopting many of Dr. Reed’s methods and mannerisms in the classroom. Bandura refers to this type of learning as:

classical conditioninga. observational learningb. identification with the parent figurec. due to the effects of unconscious Oedipal wishes d.

Women in middle adulthood go through significant physical changes called: 17.

cessationa. menopauseb. reproductionc. dysfunction d.

Which statement regarding Alzheimer’s disease is true? 18.

Alzheimer’s usually strikes in middle age.a. There is no way to diagnose Alzheimer’s.b. Alzheimer’s is a degenerative brain disorder.c. All of these are true.d.

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Final Examination

GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment

Which statement is NOT true of hormone replacement therapy? 19.

It lowers the risk of most types of cancer.a. It helps to alleviate such symptoms as hot flashes, night sweats, and dry skin.b. African American women are less likely to use it than White women.c. It reduces the risk rates of osteoporosis and heart disease. d.

Viagra is used to: 20.

treat loss of appetitea. treat memory lossb. improve facial appearance in womenc. treat erectile inhibition d.

Ageism refers to: 21.

the midlife crisisa. the study of people over the age of 80b. the inherent rights of the elderlyc. negative attitudes toward older Americans d.

Which of the following is NOT important in healthy aging? 22.

exercisinga. smoking cessationb. eating wellc. avoiding physicians d.

Which of the following is generally a sign of low self-esteem? 23.

savoring one’s accomplishments and successesa. bragging excessively about one’s achievementsb. expressing one’s opinions readilyc. making demands on oneself to do better next time d.

Low self-esteem is characterized by: 24.

refusal to accept praisea. poor performance on academic testsb. looking at oneself in the mirror oftenc. All of the above. d.

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Final Examination

GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment

Which of these is NOT associated with high self-esteem? 25.

greater happinessa. bullying behaviorsb. better job performancec. lower alcohol and drug abuse d.

People tend to elicit feedback that confirms their own self-perceptions, both positive and 26. negative, according to:

self-enhancement theorya. social-self theoryb. self-verification theoryc. ideal self theory d.

Self-esteem of minority individuals is found to be as high as that of Whites because minority: 27.

individuals have as many opportunities as Whitesa. individuals often compare themselves to each other rather than to Whitesb. populations have grown in sizec. groups no longer experience as much prejudice as they used to d.

When people visualize themselves as competent, successful persons, they tend to: 28.

earn higher than average salariesa. become more successful than their peersb. cope more effectively with present problemsc. succumb to pathological self-deception d.

Which of these is NOT key to quitting smoking? 29.

avoiding relapse at all costsa. getting support and encouragementb. getting medication and using it correctlyc. learning new skills and behaviors d.

Those most likely to drink excessively are: 30.

18- to 25-year-old mena. middle-aged menb. widowers and widowsc. preteens d.

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Final Examination

GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment

The leading cause of death among youths in America is: 31.

AIDSa. heart diseaseb. overexertion on the athletic fieldc. car accidents involving alcohol d.

Youth are most at risk for drug abuse: 32.

at school eventsa. during any major transitionsb. in middle schoolc. as college students d.

The use of unhealthy substances (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, or drugs) is depicted in: 33.

10 percent of G rated filmsa. 50 percent of PG-13 filmsb. 80 percent of all filmsc. 95 percent of all films d.

Those who underreport their physical symptoms to health care professionals are: 34.

likely to be extrovertsa. known as “hypochondriacs”b. self-conscious peoplec. self-healing personalities d.

Alexei and Tanya were disappointed when it rained during their first day of camping, but 35. Alexei said, “Let’s not panic. It’s supposed to clear up later today.” His upbeat attitude is characteristic of those who interpret undesirable events in:

external, temporary, and specific termsa. internal, permanent, and universal termsb. external, permanent, and universal termsc. internal, temporary, and specific terms d.

Which of the following best exemplifies appropriate learned optimism? 36.

“I guess she isn’t going to call back.”a. “It was a good interview but nothing will probably come of it.”b. “She didn’t return my call; she must be busy.”c. “No wonder she doesn’t call back. I’ve been inconsiderate of her.” d.