Kornberg utilized 4 puzzle pieces to provethat DNA is antiparallel: 1) Chargaff’s base complementation, 2)DNA is synthesized in the 5′ to 3′ direction, 3) snake venomphosphodiesterase cuts the phosphate from the 5′ carbon leaving itattached to the 3′ carbon of the nearest upstream neighbor, 4) aradioactively labeled nucleotide triphosphate like ATP would giveus the frequency that “A” is next to each of the 4 possibleupstream nucleotide bases. With these 4 puzzle pieces, explain howwe know that DNA is antiparallel.

Write these 4 puzzle pieces on a blank paper. Draw two patternswith a GC pair above an AT pair, one pattern being parallel and thesecond being antiparallel. If you know the frequency of a labeled Ahanding it off to G as its nearest upstream neighbor, what isneeded now to prove that DNA is antiparallel?