Scenario:

As a specialist in biochemistry, you have been asked to be part of a team that will assist a country that currently does not have regulatory legislation. You will help the other workers in understanding BSE at a chemical level. Because these workers are unfamiliar with the basic biochemistry concepts necessary to understand how BSE occurs, you will need to include an overview of proteins.

Requirements:

A. Create an original model of an essential amino acid (e.g., lysine, threonine) that shows the atoms and bonds in both the backbone and the side chain.

B. Create an original diagram, or series of simple diagrams, with clear labels, of the different levels of protein structure (i.e., primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary).

C. Create an original diagram, or series of simple diagrams, that demonstrates how a peptide bond is made through dehydration, using a complete chemical equation.

D. Create an original diagram, or series of simple diagrams, that demonstrates how a peptide bond is broken through hydrolysis, using a complete chemical equation.

E. Explain the four forces (i.e., bonds or interactions) that stabilize a protein’s structure at the tertiary level.

F. Explain how bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) occurs at a molecular level by doing the following:

1. Explain the role of prions in BSE, including each of the following:

? how prions are formed

? the connection between misfolding and aggregation

? how prions lead to the disease

2. Explain one possible role of a chaperone protein in BSE, including each of the following:

? how chaperones normally act in the cell

? how a chaperone protein can contribute to BSE

3. Recommend two ways that a country without regulations in place can decrease the risk of transmitting the prion involved in BSE (e.g., feeding practices, animal disposal).

G. When you use sources, include all in-text citations and references in APA format.