READ AND FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS AS THOUGH YOUR GRADE DEPENDS ON IT. IT DOES!Instructions: This is a take home exam. Answers for each question are to be double spaced typed in 12 point Times New Roman font with one inch margins. The answer to each individual question should be within the length guidelines given below. Answers should be clear, concise and to the point and must draw both on materials from lecture and from assigned readings. Do not use any other sources. In using assigned readings, you must provide specific citations using the Chicago author-date format and you need to include a page listing all references used which is also to be in 12 point Times New Roman, not just a cut and paste from other places. Also, realize that I will be very displeased if you only sight material from the first page or two of the readings. Your responses must be written as coherent essays as you were taught to write in your English Composition class. Do not turn is a list of bullet points, any kind of an outline, or a regurgitation of your lecture notes! You must work alone on this exam. Any questions need to be directed to me and only me. Do not discuss this exam with each other, other students, tutors, or other faculty members. If I detect any collaboration or cheating, all involved parties will receive a failing grade on this exam and in the course. You also must not cut and paste from any internet source. This includes diagrams! As indicated above, you are not to use the internet at all. Only your lecture notes and assigned and optional readings are permissible sources. Be very careful to avoid plagiarism. You may however cite lectures simply as “as discussed in lecture” or something equivalent. You do not need to formally cite me as the source. The exam is due at the beginning of lecture on Thursday, October 29, 2015 and must be turned in in hard copy as well as electronically. The exam may be submitted early. If however, it is late, I will impose a one letter grade penalty for each 48 hours ort portion thereof by which it is late. That means, if it is 47 hours late there is a one grade penalty and if it is 48.5 hours late, there is a two grade penalty. If you turn the exam in late, you will also be responsible for delivering it too me at a place of my convenience. Plan on being there on time the day the exam is due. If you are unable to turn the exam in yourself, you may have a friend or classmate turn it in for you. The required electronic submission is not a substitute for the required hard copy submission! Note that some of these questions are broad and open ended. This is by design. In answering the questions, you need to include the most important information that will allow you to give as comprehensive an answer as possible given the constraints on length. You also must refer both to lecture material and assigned readings where relevant to receive maximum credit. If you make no reference to assigned readings, you will not receive a passing grade. Attach a cover sheet to your submission with your name, the date and Economics 113 Midterm on it. Number all pages, starting with the first page of text and do not put your name on the individual pages. For your electronic submission, delete your cover sheet. The last page of your essay will be a reference list and will be titled “References” at the top. 2 Use of Turnitin I will use Turnitin in this exam. Please read the following statement from the Universities website: Consistent with Sacramento State’s efforts to enhance student learning, foster honesty, and maintain integrity in our academic processes, instructors may use a tool called Turnitin to compare a student’s work with multiple sources. The tool compares each student’s work with an extensive database of prior publications and papers, providing links to possible matches and a ‘similarity score’. The tool does not determine whether plagiarism has occurred or not. Instead, the instructor must make a complete assessment and judge the originality of the student’s work. All submissions to this course may be checked using this tool. Student submissions will be retained in the global Turnitin repository. Students should submit papers to Turnitin assignments without identifying information included in the paper (e.g. name or student number), the system will automatically show this info to faculty in your course when viewing the submission, but the information will not be retained by Turnitin. In addition to the hard copy submission, you will submit this exam electronically through SacCT to Turnitin. Note the instructions included in the above statement. Do not include your name on the electronic version of your paper. SacCT is set up so that you can resubmit your paper up until the time it is due. If you have submitted your paper early, and latter find an error you correct or you revise the paper, just resubmit it. You will not at any time be able to see the originality report or similarity score for your paper though. This is to eliminate the possibility of students gaming the system. You should review the University’s policy on academic honesty which is posted on SacCT. If you have any doubts about citations or the propriety of how you are writing your paper, you should come discuss it with me. Note that you must submit your paper both electronically and in hard copy by the beginning of class on the date which it is due! Answer each of the following two questions: Question 1: Write a three to four page essay answering the following: In class, we have in one context or another and at some length, discussed “American exceptionalism,” which for the purposes of this question you should take to mean our transformation from an agricultural producing and exporting country at the beginning of the eighteenth century into a major industrial power and exporter of manufactured goods by the eve of World War I, in three different units. In unit I.B we discussed the work of Angus Maddison who argues that amongst other factors in the U.S. supplanting England as a world economic power was our vast land area and abundant natural resources. In unit I.C. we discussed the work of Sokoloff and Engerman who focused on equality and property rights amongst other things and most recently in unit III.C we discussed the work of Robert Allen who focused on relative prices. What does each have to say about the causes of this amazing transformation of the U.S. economy? Are their arguments consistent and in harmony with each other or are they contradictory? Explain in detail, citing specific evidence and making the strongest case you can for the position you take. From your answer it should be clear both what the individual scholars are arguing and how their arguments are either consistent or contradictory. Write as though your audience (me) has never seen or heard of the relevant papers. (For this question you can rely solely on your notes for Maddison’s arguments as that was an optional paper. You must cite all other relevant assigned readings though. You 3 are also free to draw on readings, particularly from unit III.C that are not specifically referenced above in the question if they will enhance your answer.) Question 2: Write up to a three page essay answering the following: In class we decomposed productivity gains in agriculture into gains resulting from biological innovation and those resulting from mechanization and the diffusion of the reaper. With respect to both of these, Olmstead and Rhode raise serious questions regarding the “standard interpretation.” For each, biological innovation and mechanization (to include the diffusion of the reaper), what was the “standard interpretation,” and on what basis do Olmstead and Rhode criticize it? What evidence do they offer to support their case and what alternative interpretation do they offer?(Regarding mechanical innovation, and the diffusion of the reaper you may refer to your notes for Olmstead and Rhodes alternative interpretation, though you must cite David regarding the standard interpretation of the diffusion of the reaper. If you were absent, you will need to read the optional Olmstead and Rhode paper dealing with this issue.)

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