Crowd funding involves funding a project through money raised from monetary contributions from other people through the internet. There are three actors in crowd funding which include the initiator or the project that requires funding, the supporters of the project and the moderating organization. The initiator proposes the idea that requires funding and calls for supporters. The main types of crowdfunding include the Rewards Crowding where entrepreneurs engage in pre-selling of a product or a service with the aim of launching a business project without suffering any debt. Crowd funding is facilitated by the non-banks especially with lending clubs through their websites. An example is the Prosper.com launched in 2006 which providing funds were amounting to about US$325 million in a form of personal loans. Charity Crowding deals with contributions by individuals for charitable purposes. Litigation is the crowd funding deals with legal disputes funding in which those who need funding to obtain funding from their peers.
There are various platforms such as CrowdCube and Seeds that facilitate the issuance of shares by the small companies via the internet and raise funds. CrowdCube enables the users to get shares from start-up companies while Seeds deals will pi=ulling enough funds for investing in new companies. Some platforms such as Curated Crowd funding, wich help to create the necessary organizational platforms for resource integration to allow other players to act. Ther are also rational mediators acting as the bridge between demand and supply. The main players in this platform are artists, project initiators, designers, and project initiators who provide monetary support for the project. The other platform such as te Growth engines have more focus on investors and eliminate the former service providers in the network.
The crowd funding platforms such as the GlobalGiving makes it possible for people to browse and access information on small projects as proposed by NGOs in the world to donate funds for the various project. The creator soft the Crowding Campaigns benefits by raising their profile and boost their reputation. The initiators also market their project to many individuals and positive feedback. Initiators can also engage their audience in matters relating to various comments on the projects being promoted. Good ideas can, therefore, emerge from the activity of Crowdfunding. Crowdfunding may have some risks such as failannounce all the project details before its real production. Donors may also get exhausted especially if various projects target them regularly, and some supporters fear that it could be a fraud.
Crowd funding has many benefits such as raising capital for projects via the Internet by allowing people to offer support and buy shares. There are various types of crowding such as equity and the Rewards crowd funding which help in project funding. The platforms the facilitate crowd funding are GlobalGiving, Curated, and CrowdCube, which facilitate the marketing of various project online. Crowdfunding may pose limitations such as frauds and stealing of ideas.