Q1. Your search for Genes A, B, and C are independently assorting and control the production of a black pigment. Suppose that A, B, and C act in the following pathway: colourless A, B, C black, the alternative alleles that give abnormal functioning of these genes are designated a, b, and c, respectively. A black A/A B? B C? C is crossed with a colourless a/a b/b c/c to give a black F1. The F1 is selfed. What proportion of the F2 individuals is colourless?

Q2. If a blood research laboratory is attempting to collect the content of human red blood cells, the researchers should use which types of solutions to cause blood cell lysis (bursting)?