Virgin & Child with St. Elizabeth, John the Baptist & Angels

Rosso Fiorentino, Virgin & Child with St. Elizabeth, John the Baptist & Angels<<<<<<<<<

There is some useful general info on this page about the painting> http://collections.lacma.org/node/230433

>>research must be done from the 3 articles i will submit. NO OUTSIDE SOURCES. because they might not be valid. <<

7 pages (typed)
Your papers should conform to the following guidelines:

1) List all relevant factual information including artist, subject, date, size, medium and location.
2) Describe the work as thoroughly as possible. Be concise but specific; if applicable, identify any symbolism present in the work (saints’ attributes, for example). Take into consideration such aspects as the condition and scale of the work?the kinds of things that you can only clearly observe first hand.
3) Analysis: Discuss the form, style and content of the work. Such an analysis is based on first thinking about how the artist is handling visual form?that is, using compositional and formal elements in the work?and then figuring out how these elements contribute to the ?effect? of the work, or how they help to put across a narrative or thematic idea.
4) Place the work ?in context??both in terms of the function and purpose of the work, and within the artist’s career. Questions you should ask yourself about this work: why was it made? What was it used for? Are there particular symbolic meanings attached to objects or figures in the work? Who might have ordered or paid for it? Is it a typical example of this artist’s style? Early or late work? Influenced by an earlier artist or artistic tradition? If you cannot find sufficient factual information about the work, or much comparative material for your particular artist, discuss the work in relation to contemporary works of a similar type from the same city or region.

5) You must use the proper form to refer to the source(s) of your information?footnotes, bibliography, etc. (See the following pages for further guidelines about research papers).

6) Attach a postcard or photograph of the work with the paper; you may use a xerox copy or printout of a picture of the work you may have found in a book, article, catalog, or on the internet. You must also attach some proof that you have visited the museum (brochure from the museum, receipt for paying entrance fee, parking, purchase at the bookstore, etc.)

 
HINTS FOR PREPARING A GOOD RESEARCH PAPER
AND CONDUCTING ART HISTORICAL RESEARCH

Preparation of a Research Paper
A research paper is based on the student?s own observations, as well as the relevant sources consulted during the course of the student?s research. The student needs to take careful and accurate notes of the all the useful information he/she can find, organize the results of the study, and then present the results in essay form. The evidence?that is, the facts, figures, and opinions that are cited or quoted in order to illustrate and support the conclusions?must be documented.

Documentation: This term applies to the conventional use of footnotes and bibliography required as part of any scholarly paper. Good documentation provides proper acknowledgment of ?borrowed? materials and permits the reader to verify the findings of the writer. Papers that are inadequately or inaccurately documented are not acceptable as college work (see also final paragraph on plagiarism!).

Assembling a Preliminary Bibliography:
?Bibliography? refers to the list of sources you have consulted and used in preparing your research paper. The first step in a good research paper is to find as many sources (books, articles) you can that are relevant to your topic.

Reading Sources
When you are consulting sources, make sure you take down complete and accurate information relevant to your topic. For the footnotes and bibliography, you will need to start with the author?s name, the full title, and the place and date of publication, and the name of the publisher. When you copy any information, make sure that the source of every note is fully and specifically identified, especially the precise page number. Take notes that are clear and intelligible; record your relevant opinions, judgments, questions, etc. in square brackets to distinguish what is yours from what belongs to your source.
Suggestions:
1) Do not take notes haphazardly as you go along. Read an article or book through first and then go back to take your notes after you have seen what it is about, from what point of view it is written, and upon what topic the author is speaking authoritatively.
2) Be sure that your notes are accurate. Verify the source and the page reference. Use quotation marks for all quoted matter: verify spelling, capitalization, and punctuation.
3) If you include quotations in your final paper, use them sparingly?most relevant information should be expressed in your own words. Where you do quote, it must be accurate; spelling, punctuation and paragraphing must conform exactly with the original. Also, quote fairly; do not use a quotation in such a way or in such a form as to distort the meaning it had in its original context. Also, introduce the quotation in a way to give some indication of its context. That is, work the quotations carefully into your text, without distorting either your own syntax or that of the quoted material. Always supply a transition to a quotation, so that your reader will understand your reason for quoting.
For writing term papers:
A useful book to consult about writing research papers in general, and especially an art history paper, is Sylvan Barnet?s A Short Guide to Writing About Art. This book can be found in the bookstore or in the library.
Uses of footnotes:
When you must footnote:
a) exact quotes (using quotation marks)
b) specific information which may not be generally known, and which you are citing directly from your source
c) you use ideas or opinions which are the contribution of a particular author, or paraphrase an author’s wording in such a way that the author’s ideas and opinions are being used (these are among the trickiest aspects of footnoting!)

Other uses of footnotes:
a) to expand upon the text you have written?perhaps introducing facts, ideas or opinions which are not immediately relevant, but which you (and, perhaps, the reader) may find interesting
b) as a "disclaimer"?to cite an author or source to show that you are aware of the work, but may not agree with the ideas, or find it irrelevant

Functions of footnotes:
a) to show that you have done your homework?i.e., that you have read the proper sources, and know what you are talking about in your paper
b) to tell the reader where he/she can look for further information on your topic
c) to indicate most clearly what your original contribution to your paper is?that is, to differentiate between the ideas, information or opinions you have acquired from your sources and what you have come up with yourself. For students who are to be graded on term papers, this is perhaps the most important aspect of using footnotes properly.

Footnotes must be accurate. Page references must be precise. Proper names must be correctly spelled; titles must be underlined accurately (or in italics), and dates must be exact.

Attend carefully to the numbering of footnotes. Number your footnotes consecutively throughout your paper. That is, the first footnote is numbered ?1,? the next is ?2?? ?3?? etc.; each footnote has its own number. This rule applies even if you?re referring to the same source. If that?s the case, you need only repeat the last name of the author and the page number (see the form instructions detailed below), but the footnote has the next number in the sequence. In your text, mark footnotes by a superscript numeral placed after the material to be documented. If a note is intended to identify a whole block of material from a single source, place the numeral at the end of the first reference that depends upon the source; if necessary, word your reference so that your reader will understand the extent of your dependence. When you check your final draft for accuracy, make sure that you have included all superscript numerals and their matching footnotes

The footnotes themselves may be placed either at the foot of the appropriate page, or as endnotes following the text of the essay.

Follow the form indicated below, with these specifications:
1) Use paragraph indentation and write each footnote in the form of a single paragraph.

2) Use single-spacing within footnotes and double-spacing between footnotes.

3) Note that the author?s name in a footnote is given in normal order (i.e., first name/last name); in a Bibliography, the author?s last name is given first so that it can be listed alphabetically. Note also the difference between the first reference, in which complete information must be provided, and subsequent references, in which only the minimum information needs to be given.

Examples of acceptable footnote form (Chicago Manual version: see their sample footnote/bibliography forms at http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html):
Sample Text: Since parts of the altarpiece have been lost, there has been debate among scholars about the original appearance of the polyptych, especially regarding the relationship of the central panel with the side panels that are known to have contained saints. On the basis of shadows visible in the central panel, John Shearman proposed that there was a continuous field connecting the main panels.1 On the other hand, James Beck proposed that, on the basis of the surviving documentary evidence, there would have been a conventional separation between the center and side panels, reinforced by pilasters in the frame.2
Footnotes: [At bottom of page, or on separate page(s) at end of paper]

John Shearman, ?Masaccio?s Pisa Altarpiece: An Alternative Reconstruction,? Burlington Magazine 108 (1966): 452-55. See also John Spike, Masaccio (New York: Abbeville Press, 1996), 200.

2 James Beck, Gino Corti, Masaccio: The Documents (Locust Valley: J.J. Augustin, 1978), 17-18. Also Spike, Masaccio, 200 201.

(Note that underlining a title is an acceptable alternative to using italics.)
The first reference in the footnote must have a full reference (author, name of work, place of publication, etc.), but subsequent references to the same source can merely list the author’s last name, shortened name of source, and page number.

The proper citation to a book by a single author can be as follows [form=author’s name, title of book (either italicized or underlined), parentheses that enclose (place of publication: name of publisher, date of publication), page number(s)].
Example: John Spike, Masaccio (New York: Abbeville Press, 1996), 200.
Proper citation to an article in a footnote [form=author’s name, title of article in quotation marks, name of journal (italicized or underlined), volume number of journal, parentheses around (year of journal) followed by a colon: page number(s)].
Example: John Shearman, ?Masaccio?s Pisa Altarpiece: An Alternative Reconstruction,? Burlington Magazine 108 (1966): 452-55.
Note that in the citation above, the name of the work of art in the title was also italicized. Remember that after the first footnote containing the complete citation, all subsequent references to the same source can be brief: Author?s last name, page number(s). Example: Spike, 200 201.
Bibliography
Your Bibliography should consist of an alphabetized list (by author’s last name) of all of the sources you have referred to in your footnotes, placed on a separate page at the end of your paper; examples of proper Bibliography form (Chicago Manual version) [note each reference is single-spaced, but there should be a space left between each reference]. Note that for books, the page numbers consulted need not be listed in the bibliography; for articles, the full range of page numbers (for the entire article) must be listed.
Beck, James, with Gino Corti, Masaccio: The Documents. Locust Valley: J.J. Augustin, 1978.

Shearman, John, ?Masaccio?s Pisa Altarpiece: An Alternative Reconstruction,? Burlington Magazine 108
(1966): 449-55.

Spike, John T., Masaccio. New York: Abbeville Press, 1996.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Failure to refer to your sources properly may result in plagiarism! Plagiarism is defined in the University Catalog as ?the act of using the ideas or work of another person or persons as if they were ones? own, without giving credit to the source?.Examples of plagiarism include, but are not limited to, the following?failure to give credit for ideas, statements, facts or conclusions with rightfully belong to another; in written work, failure to use quotation marks when quoting directly from another, whether it be a paragraph, a sentence, or even a part thereof; close and lengthy paraphrasing of another?s writing?.?
If there is clear evidence of plagiarism in your term paper, you will receive a failing grade!

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