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Urine Transport, Storage and Elimination

Blood uses the renal artery to flow to the kidney. While in the kidney, blood flows via several minute arteries until it arrives to the glomerulus. The blood is filtered by the glomerulus, thereby creating a blood filtrate usually referred to as urine. Progressively, the urine flows via a series of bigger ducts and tubules until it arrives to the renal pelvis. Saladin (2012) argues that the urine exits the kidney at this point, gets to the ureter (a long tubule that connects the bladder and kidney), and it flows to the bladder for storage until one gets the desire to urinate. When one is urinating, urine flows from the bladder to the urethra, which is the connection between the bladders and outside.

`The key organs that deal with urination are the urethra and bladder. In individuals who are healthy, the lower tract has two detached activity phases; the guarding or storage phase and voiding phase. The muscles that control micturition are guided by the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The internal sphincter is tense during the storage phase while detrusor muscles are relaxed. The external sphincter is controlled by somatic nervous system (Saladin, 2012).

The male and female urethra functions in a similar manner during urine elimination. However, the male urethra is longer than the female’s. The male’s is around eight inches long while the female’s is 1.5 inches long (Saladin, 2012). Hence, females are at a higher risk of bladder and urinary tract infections because the germs pathway from the exterior of the body in females is shorter. Both females and males possess sphincter muscles at the bladder base which controls urine release to the urethra from the bladder. The urethra in males also acts as the tube through which semen is released for ejaculation.

References

 Saladin, K.(2012) Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity Form and Function. 6th ed. McGraw Hill.