1. What is the name of the study of the function of the body and body parts?

Negative feedback

X   Physiology

Anatomy

Homeostasis

Irritability

2. An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a(an)

anatomist.

X   physiologist.

chemist.

biochemist.

biologist

3. Which of the following represents the basic structural and functional unit of life?

Atoms

Molecules

X   Cells

Tissues

Organs

4. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of organization?

Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, systems

Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, systems

Organs, organelles, systems, cells, tissues

X   Atoms, cells, tissues, organs, systems

Atoms, cells, organelles, organs, tissues

5. What is the system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones?

Digestive system

Integumentary system

x Endocrine system

Nervous system

Skeletal system

6. Which of the following organs would be found in the endocrine system?

Lymph vessels

Thyroid gland

Kidneys

Small intestine

Heart

7. Which two organ systems include the pancreas?

Reproductive and urinary systems

Urinary and respiratory systems

Digestive and endocrine systems

Endocrine and respiratory systems

Digestive and respiratory systems

8. Which of the following systems is accurately matched to the life function it provides?

Nervous system ? responsiveness

Integumentary system ? movement

Nervous system ? excretion

Muscular system ? maintaining boundaries

Respiratory system – digestion

9. Homeostasis in the human body is controlled primarily by which two body systems?

Cardiovascular and integumentary

Skeletal and endocrine

Nervous and endocrine

Cardiovascular and respiratory

Nervous and lymphatic

10. How is homeostasis defined?

The ability of human beings to keep the body weight within normal limits

The maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room

The ingestion of enough food to keep pains from developing

The tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment

The ability of human body to reproduce

11. Most mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis are likely to involve which of the following?

Positive feedback mechanism

Negative feedback mechanism

Circular mechanism

Coordinated feedback

Positive correlation

12. Which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control system?

Stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response

Receptor, stimulus, efferent pathway, control center, afferent pathway, effector, response

Receptor, stimulus, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response

Effector, stimulus, efferent pathway, control center, afferent pathway, receptor, response

Stimulus, receptor, efferent pathway, control center, afferent pathway, effector, response

13. Which of the following is true of positive feedback systems?

They regulate heart and breathing rates, and operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is shut off or reduced.

They regulate heart and breathing rates.

They regulate heart and breathing rates, and operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increased.

They operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increased.

They operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is shut off or reduced.

14. A blood clot stimulating the formation of more blood clotting is an example of which of the following?

Positive feedback mechanism

Negative feedback mechanism

Homeostasis

Metabolism

Maintenance of borders

15. Which term best describes the genital area?

Cervical

Axillary

Gluteal

Sural

Pubic

16. When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are the feet in relation to the knees?

Deep

Proximal

Superior

Medial

Distal

17. The lungs and heart are situated in which body cavity?

Cranial

Dorsal

Spinal

Thoracic

Abdominopelvic

18. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions?

The patellar region is distal to the popliteal region.

The patellar region is superior to the popliteal region.

The patellar region is lateral to the popliteal region.

The patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region.

The patellar region is proximal to the popliteal region.

19. Which body cavity can be subdivided into four quadrants and nine regions?

Abdominopelvic cavity

Orbital cavity

Spinal cavity

Nasal cavity

Thoracic cavity

20. The dorsal body cavity houses which of the following?

Spinal cord and brain

Heart and lungs

Urinary and reproductive organs

Tongue

Digestive and reproductive organs

21. What is the name of the section that divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal right and left parts?

Frontal

Coronal

Transverse

Oblique

Median (midsagittal)

22. In anatomical position, on which surface of the body are the face and palms?

Anterior

Posterior

Superior

Inferior

Distal

23. Glucose and starch are examples of what substance?

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Triglycerides

Phospholipids

Steroids

24. What organic compounds function in building tissues and acting as enzymes?

Salts

Proteins

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Nucleic acids

25. Which of the following is a correct description of enzymes?

They help regulate growth and development.

They increase the rates of chemical reactions by at least a millionfold.

They are highly specialized nucleotides that recognize, bind with, and inactivate bacteria, toxins, and some viruses.

They are essential to ALL chemical reactions in the body.

They provide energy for the reactions they catalyze.

26. Which of the following is NOT considered a cytoplasmic organelle?

Golgi apparatus

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Peroxisomes

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

27. Where are ribosomes found?

Only in the cytoplasm

On the Golgi apparatus

Only on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Only on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

In the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

28. What organelle contains enzymes produced by ribosomes and is packaged by the Golgi apparatus?

Peroxisome

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosome

Lysosome

Golgi apparatus

29. What is the name of the process by which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration?

Bulk transport

Filtration

Osmosis

Active transport

Diffusion

30. Which of the following is correct about passive processes that move substances across membranes?

They utilize ATP.

They employ protein pumps.

They include exocytosis and endocytosis.

They require no ATP.

They transport substances against their concentration gradients.

31. What assists the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion?

Protein carrier or channel

Lysosomes

Solute pumps

Aquaporins

ATP

32. Which of the following is the most accurate match between tissue type and general function?

Epithelial——connect body parts

Muscle——secretory or glandular

Connective——-contract and shorten

Nervous——conduct electrochemical impulses

skeletal —— excrete waste products

33. Which of the following is the correct order of phases of mitosis?

Prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase

Metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Prophase, interphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Telophase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase

34. What type of connective tissue covers the ends of bones at joints?

Areolar

Dense (fibrous)

Fibrocartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic

35. What tissue is usually well vascularized and has an extensive extracellular matrix?

Epithelial tissue

Muscle tissue

Connective tissue

Brain tissue

Nervous tissue

36. Which of these characteristics best describes cardiac muscle tissue?

Voluntary movement and cells striations

Attached to the skeleton

Multinucleate and long, cylindrical cells

Single nucleus and spindle-shaped cells

Involuntary movement and cell striations

37. What type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels?

Skeletal muscle

Cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle

Both smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

Both cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle

38. What type of tissue forms tendons and ligaments?

Adipose tissue

Fibrous connective tissue

Muscle tissue

Loose connective tissue

Cartilage

39. What type of tissue forms the outer layer of skin?

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Transitional

Areolar

Simple columnar

40. What type of epithelial tissue lines the interior of blood vessels?

Simple squamous

Simple cuboidal

Simple columnar

Transitional

Pseudostratified columnar

41. Which tissue has goblet cells?

Simple cuboidal

Simple columnar

Simple squamous

Stratified squamous

Transitional

42. What type of connective tissue prevents muscles from pulling away from bones during contraction?

Dense connective

Areolar

Elastic

Hyaline cartilage

Adipose

43. What kind of connective tissue acts like a sponge, soaking up fluid when edema occurs?

Areolar

Adipose

Dense irregular

Reticular

Vascular

44. Which moist epithelial membrane lines body cavities that open to the exterior?

Serous

Cutaneous

Mucous

Peritoneum

Synovial

45. What is the innermost serous membrane covering the outside of the heart?

Synovial layer

Visceral pericardium

Visceral pleura

Peritoneum

Parietal pericardium

46. What is the only dry membrane in the body?

Mucous membrane

Basement membrane

Cutaneous membrane

Serous membrane

Synovial membrane

47. Where are mucous membranes located?

Lining joint cavities

Covering the heart

Lining the stomach

Covering the brain

Surrounding muscle tissue

48. What type of connective tissue attaches skin to underlying muscles and forms a supporting framework for organs?

areolar

adipose

dense (fibrous)

elastic

fibrocartilage

49. Which of the following is a function of the skin?

Body temperature control

Production of vitamin D

Protection from bacterial invasion

A and C

All of the above.

50. When swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. What is this substance?

Melanin

Serous fluid

Keratin

Carotene

Mucus