1. Explain how a decrease in pH and oxygen levels in the blood and interstitial fluid affects the heart, blood vessels, hemoglobin dissociation curve, and the respiratory system.2. What are some examples of endogenous antigens?3. What is the benefit of not having complete rings of tracheal cartilage between the trachea and the esophagus?4. Why is epinephrine injected as a treatment for the respiratory signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis
Question 5. 5. (TCO 4) Describe the barriers used in innate defense.6. Explain the contributions of the cardiovascular system in respiratory system functions.