You have found a sex-limited gene that codes for male color in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish species. The dominant (R) allele codes for a red color and the recessive (r) allele codes for a greenish color.

a) As you examine different populations of this species, you find that the R allele predominates in some populations and r allele predominated in others. Give two possible reasons for these difference.

b) Are the two reasons you have given mutually exclusive? That is, does one rule out the other?

c) What kind of selection would cause the female fish in the red-male and greenish-male populations to have behave differently?

d) Design an experiment to test whether there really are differences among females in their behavior towards the males in the two types of population.