We undertake research when we wish to explore an idea, probe an issue, solve a problem, or make an argument
that compels us to turn to outside help. We then seek out, investigate, and use materials beyond our personal
resources. The argumentative research essay presents the findings and conclusions of such an inquiry.
A research essay should not just review publications and extract a series of quotations from them. Rather, you
should look for sources that provide innovative or cutting-edge information. However, always remember that
the main purpose of doing research is not to summarize the work of others, but to assimilate and build on it
and to arrive at your own understanding of the subject. What new discovery do you make?
Your paper will begin with a debatable thesis or claim–something that people could reasonably have differing

opinions on. You’ll establish your specific stance and then explore your sources to provide sufficient support or
reasoning behind your claim to CONVINCE your audience to either change their thinking or act in some way.
This essay should be 7-9 pages in length with seven outside sources included on Works Cited page. These
sources should include at least one book, one pop culture source, one popular article, one scholarly article, and
one interview..
Critical Thinking: Always digest, analyze, interpret, and evaluate what you are saying. Effective signal
phrases may include: This means that, In other words, What it all boils down to, Given these facts,
Here, one can see, Anderson acknowledges, comments, endorses, reports, etc. (See signal phrases handout.)
ï‚· Avoid signal phrases like Personally, I think that, As we can see, In my judgment, Personally, in
my opinion, I think
ï‚· Provide status quo information to demonstrate that you are aware of the popular thinking nowadays that
is related to your topic. (the existing state of affairs )

ï‚· Incorporate cutting-edge information to show that you are presenting the most recent and innovative
thinking about your topic. (the most up-to-date findings )
ï‚· Explore the causes of the issue as well as possible solutions or new ways of looking at your topic.
Provide a future consequence.
ï‚· Pop Culture Connection: Provide connections to movies, TV shows, documentaries, blogs, videos,
films, commercials, podcasts)
ï‚· Personal Examples: Give examples of what you are saying. Connect what you have elaborated with
concrete situations in the real world.
Guidelines
ï‚· 7-9 page research essay (minimum of 7 full pages before graphics, work cited, reflection added).
ï‚· Additional work cited page (do not include summaries from annotated bibliography. Citations only).
ï‚· Include a half page reflection on the entire research process. Which assignments were most helpful?
What challenges did you face? How did you overcome those challenges?
ï‚· one-inch margins; Times Roman, 12-point font.
ï‚· At least 3 graphics (pictures, charts, diagrams, etc.)
Source: Adapted from the English 102 syllabus of Kathleen Wilson, Elgin Community College