Question 1In Katsushika Hokusai’s The Great Wave, what does the distant Mount Fuji represent?Answer a.A haven for the boats beneath the waveb.The immortality of the natural worldc.The residence of the ancestorsd.The harmonious opposite of the water

Question 2 On what values was nationalism based?Answer Equality and freedomRegional autonomyMonarchial controlWorking class reformQuestion 3 How did the American Civil War change the nature of warfare?Answer It allowed the different races to fight togetherIt was American fighting against AmericanIts battlefields were on civilians’ propertiesIt was mechanized and impersonal, with no pageantryQuestion 4 Why were so many Chinese attracted to America after their economy collapsed?Answer To receive free landTo escape indenturingTo work in the minesTo avoid imprisonmentQuestion 5 In his Haussmannization of Paris, why did Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann widen Paris’s streets?Answer To enable more shops to be built along themTo make it harder for mobs to barricade themTo allow for more factories to be built in the cityTo make it more difficult for snipers to aim at people

Question 6 How did the East India Company recoup the money it spent buying Chinese products for import?Answer Indenturing the Chinese for cheap laborOpening gold and silver mines in IndiaTaxing the goods destined for AmericaSelling opium to the ChineseQuestion 7 Why did the Japanese nishiki-e calendar painters have to disguise the symbols for months in their works?Answer The government forbade printing of calendarsThe Japanese disliked the Western use of calendarsThe Japanese symbols for months were too eroticThe government held a monopoly on calendar printing

Question 8 On what values was liberalism based?Answer Equality and freedomRegional autonomyMonarchial controlWorking class reformQuestion 9 Why did both Britain and France side with the South prior to the Civil War?Answer The South was home to many of British and French descentThey associated the North with nationalist ideologyTheir economies depended on Southern cottonThey maintained important seaports in the SouthQuestion 10 Why were Timothy O’Sullivan’s and Alexander Gardener’s photographs of the Gettysburg battlefield so disturbing?Answer They removed the dead soldiers’ shoes and turned out their pocketsNo American battlefield had ever before been photographed with dead on itThey stacked the bodies into a pile to emphasize the number of deadTheir clarity enabled people to identify their dead family membersQuestion 11 Why did Charles Garnier design the façade of the Paris Opera House to be a merger of Neoclassical and Baroque?Answer To satisfy liberals and nationalistsTo highlight the best of both stylesTo reflect a new imperial styleTo cut expenses by using existing partsQuestion 12 What does the black cat at the end of Olympia’s bed symbolize?Answer SlaveryPovertyPromiscuitySuperstitionQuestion 13 How did Wagner accomplish his new music drama”-reflections by the orchestra of the stage action?Answer With song cyclesWith a rondo formWith multiple ariasWith leitmotifsQuestion 14 According to Émile Zola, what two factors over which they have no control determine people’s lives?Answer Economy and social statusHeredity and environmentClass and heredityEconomy and environmentQuestion 15 Why can Manet’s Olympia be viewed as a statement about human slavery?Answer Olympia’s hands are dirtyOlympia is a prostituteOlympia is holding moneyOlympia’s maid is blackQuestion 16 Who is the first person to call himself an anarchist”?Answer George SandÉdouard ManetPierre-Joseph ProudhonKarl MarxQuestion 17 Why were Jacques Offenbach’s operettas so popular with the French?Answer They included the second-act balletThey satirized the GermansThey were light and entertainingThey glorified Louis-Napoleon’s reignQuestion 18 In Germinal why was Zola able to portray the plight of the French coal miner so realistically?Answer He came from a coal mining familyHe went into a mine to research itHe had worked in a mine in his teensHe had read Charles Dickens’s novelsQuestion 19 Why did Wagner believe Jews were incapable of producing music?Answer Their slovenly mannersTheir love of moneyTheir religious focusTheir Yiddish speech

Question 20 In his operas why did Wagner shift the melodic element from the singer to the orchestra?Answer To indicate breaks in the actionTo overwhelm the audiences’ earsTo make the words more understandableTo synthesize the words and the music

Question 21 Why did John Ruskin dislike mass manufacture?Answer Its results were too standardized and uniformIt deprived people of the satisfaction of creatingIt exploited the lower-class factory workersIt created hastily done, shoddy products

Question 22 Why did Louis-Napoleon dismiss Georges-Eugène Haussmann from his Paris civic-planning post?Answer To appease Parisians angry with his city renewal plansFor supporting the Parisians’ desire to secede from FranceTo use his enormous salary to fund the militaryFor questionable financing schemes for his projects Question 23 Why did nineteenth-century Russian collectors favor French and German works over Russian art?Answer They recognized the genius of the ImpressionistsThey believed Russia was hopelessly backwardThey appreciated the sense of rebellionRussian art was too steeped in religion

Question 24 How did the Parisians avoid starvation during the 1870-71 Prussian siege of their city?Answer Ate the plants in the palace gardensCannibalized the dead ParisiansStormed and robbed the palace kitchensKilled and ate the zoo animalsQuestion 25 What question functions as the theme of Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment?Answer Can immoral means justify worthy ends?Who has the right to pass judgment on others?Are we our brothers’ keepers?Who is in control of a person’s fate?

Question 26 How did William Morris and Company discriminate against women?Answer Presented them erotically in artHired them to do embroidery onlyPaid them a lower wage than male workersRefused to let them design tapestriesQuestion 27 What effect does Claude Monet’s loose brushwork give to Boulevard des Capucines?Answer Snow drifting through treesAnimation of a public streetInsignificance of human swarmsMajesty of the Place de l’OpéraQuestion 28 Why does Manet’s barmaid in A Bar at the Folies-Bergère look not at but past the painting’s viewer?Answer To emphasize her low social statusTo remove herself from her menial jobTo watch the distant trapeze artistTo emphasize her isolationQuestion 29 What human-rights issue lay beneath the surface of nineteenth-century Russian culture?Answer Lack of women’s rightsChild labor conditionsPlight of the serfImprisonment without trialQuestion 30 Approximately how many Parisians were killed in the bloody week” of May 21-28, 1871?Answer 5,000-10,00010,000-15,00020,000-25,00030,000-35,000Question 31 Why was the Tammany Society originally founded?Answer Immigrant assistancePolitical purposesWomen’s suffrageSocial purposesQuestion 32 Why did John Ruskin criticize James Whistler’s Impressionistic Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket?Answer For copying the French styleFor selling for 200 poundsFor looking like flung paintFor altering objective truth Question 33 How were women almost always portrayed in late nineteenth-century American visual art?Answer As maternalAs erotic objectsAs professionalsAs passiveQuestion 34 Why was ragtime music poorly received by many Americans?Answer Disharmonic blending of classical and popularAssociation with African American rootsLoose rhythms suggested loose moralsAssociation with New Orleans’ funeralsQuestion 35 In The Rocky Mountains, Lander’s Peak, why did Albert Bierstadt paint a mountain from the Swiss Alps, not the actual Lander’s Peak?Answer The Swiss mountain is more picturesqueHe had never been to the Rocky MountainsThere is no Lander’s Peak in the Rocky MountainsHis audience expected that familiar view

Question 36 Why were Thomas Eakins’ The Gross Clinic and The Agnew Clinic not well received by the American public?Answer Clinical portrayal of nudityInclusion of female figuresInappropriate subject for artImpressionistic techniquesQuestion 37 Why did the Lakota and the Kiowa tribes keep a winter count”?Answer To determine optimal planting timesTo mark the buffalo herds’ migrationsTo keep track of the tribes’ populationsTo record family or tribe historyQuestion 38 Why did one reviewer call Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass a mass of rotten filth”?Answer Anti-slavery sentimentsNative American supportCelebrations of sexualityFree verse writing styleQuestion 39 How does Emily Dickinson’s poetry resemble Walt Whitman’s?Answer Focus on life in the cityUnconventional verseCelebration of individualUnorthodox themesQuestion 40 What was the title of the preparatory sketch for George Bellows’ Cliff Dwellers?Answer Your Tired, Your Poor, Your Huddled Masses””Why Don’t They All Go to the Country for a Vacation?””I Sing the Body Electric, the Armies of Those I Love””The Wretched Refuse of Your Teeming Shores”