Sickle-cell anemia is caused by an abnormal hemoglobin molecule that changed the shape of red blood cells. This disease can lead to various health complications that are often lethal. However, heterozygous individuals have minor symptoms. Moreover, heterozygous individuals show an advantage with decreased vulnerability to Malaria. The allele for Sickle-cell […]

Transgenic Organisms The development of transgenic organisms is an established technique in many laboratories. A transgenic organism is an organism that includes DNA from another organism in the cells of its body. This DNA is not only present, but it is also read by the cell’s transcriptionally machinery and is […]

What is unusual about the way that H+ ions are transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane as compared to the movement of other ions like Na+ andCl- ions? A) Na+ andCl- ions must traverse the full distance, but H+ ions materialize on the other side of the membrane. B) Na+ […]

During this course, many environmental issues will be examined in detail. The Final Report is a project that will give you an opportunity to focus on an area of interest to you. You will research and write an essay on an environmental issue position. The research essay will be written […]