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There are two different explanations for insulin production and they are contradictory. One says that the cDNA is inserted into the lac operon after the B galactosidase enzyme gene because they can share a promoter and this is the only way that a gene can be expressed. Without a promoter, […]

Question: Transcription factor X binds to a response element in gene A and gene B. In muscle cells, transcription factor X activates transcription of gene A. In neuronal cells, the transcription factor X activates transcription of genes A and B. In skin cells, transcription factor X activates transcription of only gene […]

1. Define kin selection. Give 7 examples of kin selection which are not mentioned in your book. Explain why each example is kin selection. Examples of kin selection can be in humans or other animals. 2. Define reciprocal altruism. Give 7 examples of reciprocal altruism, which are not mentioned in […]

As we have discussed in class, individual phylogenetic methods are best suited to particular kinds of problems. For each of the following data sets, assess the suitability of maximum parsimony to that data set. Then do likewise for maximum likelihood. Clearly explain your reasoning in each case. (Note: some data […]