Compared to impact craters on other moons, young impact craters on Europa (including the Pwyll impact crater) show a distinct absence of high crater walls, or any significant depression towards the center. What does this suggest about Europa’s icy surface? A) It suggests that Europa’s ice crust must be extremely […]

Trypanosoma brucei is the agent that causes African sleeping sickness in humans bitten by the tsetse fly. Glycolysis is unusual in this organism, providing an opportunity to create drugs that poison the parasite without harming humans. In T. brucei, the seven glycolytic enzymes converting glucose to 3-phosphoglycerate are localized in […]

Exercise 1: Data Interpretation Dissolved oxygen is oxygen that is trapped in a fluid, such as water. Since many living organism requires oxygen to survive, it is a necessary component of water systems such as streams, lakes and rivers in order to support aquatic life. The dissolved oxygen is measured […]

Stacy, a 3 year old, has developed rough and scaly skin during the last year. After clinical evaluation of her condition and her food intake, her physician suspects that she has a vitamin A deficiency. He believes that she should start eating more foods rich in vitamin A. Stacy’s mother […]