Q1. What kind of cell communication is said to ovvur if the cell sevretes the growth factor that then acts on neighbouring cells to cause them to proliferate? Q2. Testosterone and estrdiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what ways do these molecules be different? […]

Mouse L-cells have proven to be an extremely useful model system for investigating the properties of cadherins because they do not normally express any cadherins. If different population of L-cells are transfected with vectors expressing one or the other of two different cadherins, and are the dissociated and mixed together, they segregate into two separate […]

Stress and the Cardiovascular and Digestive Systems Note: If you have trouble viewing some of the course materials, install Quicktime and the Adobe Shockwave Player, both of which can be downloaded free from the Internet. In this SLP we will investigate the effects of stress on the digestive system, including […]

Compared to impact craters on other moons, young impact craters on Europa (including the Pwyll impact crater) show a distinct absence of high crater walls, or any significant depression towards the center. What does this suggest about Europa’s icy surface? A) It suggests that Europa’s ice crust must be extremely […]