A new hospital requires the HIM personnel to develop a strategy for calculating statistical data. The following aspects of health information data are required for calculating the statistics:
a) Pharmacy data

b) Data on hospital acquired diseases (nosocomial infection).
c) Mortality rate

d) Patient satisfaction and retention

Using hypothetical data identify how the following methods could be applied to the above stated data:
a) Standard deviation
b) Z scores
c) Sampling methods
d) Positive and negative correlation